{"id":3043,"date":"2022-03-29T10:23:30","date_gmt":"2022-03-29T07:23:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/planwork.gr\/?p=3043"},"modified":"2022-06-21T10:06:37","modified_gmt":"2022-06-21T07:06:37","slug":"methodeyontas-tin-epiviosi-stin-yfesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/planwork.gr\/el\/methodeyontas-tin-epiviosi-stin-yfesi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u039c\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3043\" class=\"elementor elementor-3043\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3690f0b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3690f0b1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-395778f4\" data-id=\"395778f4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a8f1da1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a8f1da1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 17-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/span><\/h4><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2000, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u00a0<strong>Amazon.com<\/strong>, \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 672 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1,\u00a0<strong>\u03ad\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 dot-com<\/strong>. \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd &#8211; \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Amazon.com \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b8\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u2013 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u2013 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03bf\u03ba (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5), \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2), \u00a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf &#8220;\u03b6\u03c9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf&#8221;) \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd John Maynard Keynes. \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 dot-com \u03ae \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u00a0<strong>\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>\u00a0(\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03b1) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u00a0<strong>\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 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\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 4.700 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u00a0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1:\u00a0<strong>\u03a0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd<\/strong>. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u00a0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 9% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u00a0<strong>\u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd<\/strong>, \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 10% \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf 10% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Bain, \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u00a0\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd McKinsey, \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em><strong>\u039f \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u00a0\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u00a0\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1.\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u00a0\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u00ab\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u00bb, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Bain. \u00ab\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u00bb. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u00a0<strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\"><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2.<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; \u039f\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 (2008), \u03c1\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u00a0<strong>\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2<\/strong>:<\/p><ul style=\"text-align: left;\"><li><strong>\u03c4\u03bf \u03cd\u03c8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd,<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd,<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7\u00a0<em>\u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd<\/em>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u00a0<strong>\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7<\/strong>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u00a0<strong>\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>\u00a0\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0397 Rebecca Henderson ( Harvard Business School) \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00ab\u039f \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u00a0<strong>\u039d\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>\u00bb.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0 &#8216;\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u00a0<strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>. \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03bd \u03b7\u00a0<strong>Amazon<\/strong>\u00a0\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd dot-com \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4&#8217;\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Amazon Marketplace, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 (\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03ac\u03c2).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u00a0<strong>\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2017, \u03bf Xavier Giroud (Sloan School of Management MIT) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Holger Mueller (Stern School of Business \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 NYU), \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd\u00a0<strong>\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\u00a0<strong>\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\u00a0<strong>\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong>\u00a0\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0397\u03a0\u0391.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1,\u00a0<strong>\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf<\/strong>\u00a0\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u00a0<strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ae \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03cc\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u00a0<strong>\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \/ \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\"><em><strong>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. &#8220;\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7&#8221;, \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Mueller, &#8220;\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf&#8221;.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b2\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7. \u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Mueller \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9,\u00a0<em>\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>\u00a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u00a0<strong>\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \/ \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd,<\/strong>\u00a0\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u00a0<strong>38,3%.<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u00a0<strong>19,5%.<\/strong>\u00a0\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1 &#8216;\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bf Mueller \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7,\u00a0<em>\u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 McKinsey, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9: \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 (2009)\u00a0<strong>\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/strong>\u00a0(\u03bc\u03cc\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd), \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2007 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 2011, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2, \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Mihir Mysore \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 McKinsey.\u00a0<em>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>. &#8220;\u03a0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2&#8221;, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Mysore, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u00a0<strong>\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03c7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u0395\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2017, \u03b7 Raffaella Sadun (Harvard Business School), \u03bf Philippe Aghion (Coll\u00e8ge de France), \u03bf Nicholas Bloom,\u03bf Brian Lucking (\u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03c4) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf John Van Reenen (MIT) \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2\u00a0<strong>\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae<\/strong>\u00a0\u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac, \u00ab\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\u00bb, \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\u00a0<em>&#8220;\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9&#8221;<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u0388\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u00a0<strong>\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>\u00a0\u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u00a0<em>\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b3\u03ba \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u00a0<em>\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/em>, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u00a0<strong><em>\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/em><\/strong>. \u0395\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u00a0<strong><em>\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/em><\/strong>. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd U.S.Census \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2\u00a0<strong>\u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03b1\u00a0<strong>\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03b1\u00a0<strong>\u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b7<\/strong>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u00a0<strong>\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7. &#8220;<strong>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2&#8221;, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd &#8211; \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u00a0<strong>\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b2\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7? &#8220;\u0397 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae&#8221;, \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Sadun. \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1,\u00a0<strong>\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8220;\u039c\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1&#8221;, \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Sadun.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 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left;\">\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u00a0<strong>\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong>\u00a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. &#8220;<em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Sadun.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 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\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>\u00a0\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0395\u03c5\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 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\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 20% \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u00a0\u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 2008, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 Sandra J. Sucher \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Shalene Gupta \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 2018 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf HBR, &#8220;\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2&#8221;. &#8220;\u0397 Honeywell \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2&#8221;.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 20.000 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 Honeywell \u03b2\u03b3\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u00a0<strong>\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>\u00a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2000, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2008 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 80px;\"><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 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\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u00a0<em>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf 4% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 1% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u00a0<em>\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>\u00a0\u03c4\u03bf 2009 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u0388\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039f\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2018, \u03bf Pierre Cahuc, \u03bf Francis Kramarz \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 Sandra Nevoux \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2\u00a0<strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/strong>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd 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\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 (\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039f\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039b\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u039f\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Maury Gittleman (\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0397\u03a0\u0391) \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0388\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u0391\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2004 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 2014, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0397.\u03a0.\u0391. \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2,\u00a0<strong>\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd, \u00a0\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2018, \u03bf Brad Hershbein (\u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf \u0395\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 Upjohn) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 Lisa B. Kahn ( \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Rochester), \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 100 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2007 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 2015, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2, \u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0397\u03a0\u0391 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. \u0397 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u00a0<strong>\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af<\/strong>, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9: Alicia Sasser Modestino (Northeastern), \u03bf Daniel Shoag (Harvard Kennedy) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Joshua Ballance (\u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2). \u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u00a0<strong>\u03b7 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2\u00a0<strong>\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong>, \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 Hershbein \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Kahn, \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00a0<strong>\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong>. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u0397\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><em>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ac;<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae,\u00a0<strong>\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf<\/strong>\u00a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u00a0<em>\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u00a0<\/em><em>IT<\/em><em>,<\/em>\u00a0<strong>\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong>. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc,\u00a0<em>\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/em>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u00a0<strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae<\/strong>, \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u00a0<strong>\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7<\/strong>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u00a0<strong>\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong>. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Katy George, \u00a0\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 McKinsey, \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, 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\u0388\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac 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\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u00a0 \u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2000, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u00a0Amazon.com, \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 672 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1,\u00a0\u03ad\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 dot-com. \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 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